WHY DO WE FALL ILL?

THE ESSENTIAL CONDITION FOR GOOD HEALTH

• Living in Clean space
• Good economic condition
• Social equality and harmony

PATHOGEN, VECTOR & HOST

PATHOGEN- Disease producing agent

VECTOR-

HOST- Infected organism

VIRAL DISEASE- Dengue, AIDS, Influenza, Chicken pox, Common Cold, Hepatitis, Polio

Influenza is caused by Myxovirus influenza (RNA virus)

AIDS is caused by HIV 

• AIDS can be transmitted by Sexual contact, Breast feeding, Blood transfusion
• Not transmitted by Hugs or Kiss
• A person suffering of AIDS cannot fight even minor infections.

Polio was regarded as a disease of infants and children. Hence, this disease was also called as infantile paralysis. But now it is known that it can occur at any stage.

BACTERIAL DISEASE- Typhoid, Cholera, Tuberculosis, Anthrax, Peptic ulcers

Typhoid is caused by Salmonella typhi

Cholera is caused by bacterium Vibrio cholerae

Peptic ulcer is caused by Helicobacter pylori and long-term use of NSAIDs (Non Steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs)

• It is not caused by acidic food.

PROTOZOAN DISEASE- Malaria, Kala-azar or Black Fever

Malaria is caused by Protozoan Plasmodium 

Kala-azar is caused by Leishmania

ACUTE DISEASE- Chicken pox, Common Cold

CHRONIC DISEASE- Cancer

Chewing tobacco is one of a cause of Cancer, particularly for Mouth and Throat

INFECTIOUS DISEASE (COMMUNICABLE OR CONTAGIOUS DISEASE)AND CAUSE

Sneezing-

NON-INFECTIOUS DISEASE (NON-COMMUNICABLE OR NON-CONTAGIOUS DISEASE) AND CAUSE

High Blood Pressure

Genetic abnormalities- eg. Haemophilia

Cancer

AIR-BORNE DISEASE

Pneumonia

Pneumonia is caused by virus or bacteria

WATER-BORNE DISEASE

Hepatitis (water, food and personal contact)

• It is not transmitted by air

VECTOR-BORNE DISEASE

MOSQUITO- Dengue, Malaria, Chikungunya, Brain Fever or Encephalitis, Yellow fever, Filariasis

Dengue by Aedes mosquito, Encephalitis by Culex mosquito, Malaria by Anopheles mosquito

FLIES- Typhoid, Kala-azar and sleeping sickness

TREATMENT

We should take bland and nourishing food when we fall sick because it does not contain any fat, oil or spices. Hence, it can digest easily and properly nourish our body.

ANTI-VIRAL DRUGS AND ANTI-BACTERIAL MEDICINES

Making anti viral drugs is more difficult than antibacterial medicines because viruses make use of host machinery. This makes it difficult to find the exact targets where the drug can interfere with the virus without using the host organism.

VACCINATION

On administration of Vaccine, the body starts developing antibodies against it such that the person is protected from the disease, body develops a memory and immediately produces antibodies on further exposure.

Vaccine is available for 

• Typhoid- TAB (Typhoid-Paratyphoid A and B Vaccine) before 1yrs of age(6-9 months) Left Upper Arm.
• Tuberculosis- BCG (Bacille Calmette-Guérin) At birth or as early as possible till one year of age.
• Hepatitis B vaccine- (eg. Energix B) At birth or as early as possible within 24 hours. Anterolateral side of mid thigh-LEFT 
• Polio vaccine- 14 weeks of age. Anterolateral side of mid thigh-RIGHT.
• DPT vaccine- 2,4,6-months. (diphtheria-pertussis-tetanus). below 7 yrs because pertusis vaccine is licensed only for children below 7yrs. Anterolateral side of mid thigh-LEFT 

Children are vaccinated because it creates immunity in the body.